To do so, it routinely deployed chemical weapons such as Agent Orange (dioxin, a known carcinogen), napalm, and white phosphorous. Federal spending includes both mandatory and discretionary spending. Leitenberg, M. (2006). Shortcomings of an economic democracy system. (2012). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Retrieved February 16, 2012, from http://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_weapons_and_global_security/nuclear_weapons/technical_issues/nuclear-weapons-overview.html. England, G. (2012, February 5). The article presents major trends and turning points in the growth of five social science disciplines in the country: anthropology, economics, political science, psychology and sociology. US Census Bureau. American war and military operations casualties: Lists and statistics. The Union of Concerned Scientists (2009) summarizes their danger bluntly: Nuclear weapons remain the greatest and most immediate threat to human civilization. However more peaceful the world is today, it could easily end at any moment. To illustrate this trend, compare two periods of history (Pinker, 2012). America.gov. All these killings were outright slaughter. These more basic causes of war include population change and environmental change. Vietnam Veterans Against the War. But many observers say that the United States has neglected the veterans of later wars. As a historian summarized this connection, By the end of the war, labors wartime mobilization and participation had increased its relative power within European societies. Although wars, other armed conflicts, terrorism, and genocide certainly continue, and 100 million is a terribly high number of deaths, the world overall is in fact more peaceful now than in the past. This is a social problem. As this overview of the debate over military spending indicates, the military remains a hot topic more than two decades after the Cold War ended following the demise of the Soviet Union. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. Updated on June 02, 2019 Military sociology is the sociological study of the military. One of the many sad truisms of war is that its impact on a society is greatest when the war takes place within the societys boundaries. Military spending is good for workers, they add, because it creates jobs, and it also contributes to technological development (Boot, 2012; England, 2012; McKeon, 2012). Some think the United States needs to maintain and in fact increase its level of military spending, even with the Cold War long ended, to replace aging weapons systems, to meet the threat posed by terrorists and by rogue nations such as Iran, and to respond to various other trouble spots around the world. ABC News. The consequences of divorce on children. This article covers the concept of social issues and highlights the different experiences of rural and urban sectors. Looking after the soldier, back home and damaged. Their poverty forced many of these women to turn to prostitution to earn an income, resulting in a rise in prostitution after the war (Rafter, 1990). Critics of the military budget say that the billions of dollars spent on weapons and other military needs would be better spent on domestic needs such as schools and day care. CNN.com. Do you think the US military budget should be increased, be reduced, or stay about the same? What is Social Science? Why do various groups produce more terrorists than others. The wealthy European countries that compose the bulk of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), an international consortium, spend 2.5 percent of their total economy (gross domestic product, or GDP) on their militaries. Families go through savings and older parents dip into retirement funds (Einhorn, 2011, p. A12). Oscar Arias, a former president of Costa Rica and a winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, echoed these famous words from President Eisenhower when he wrote a decade ago that US military spending took money away from important domestic needs. The defense industry remains a powerful force in the US economy six decades after Eisenhower issued his warning, and US military spending continues unabated. War between nations is called international war, while war within nations is called civil war. The Vietnam War marked a time when many Americans became concerned about childrens suffering during wartime. Explain your answer. New York Times. The authors, by reviewing the recent work of several behavioral and social science disciplines concerned with the impact of war upon society, suggest that the study of war's social ramifications has been characterized by the publication of empirical work that neglects, to some extent, the larger sociological implications of war as well as its This $29 billion sum for each submarine during its lifetime could provide 5.8 million scholarships worth $5,000 each to low- and middle-income high school students to help them pay for college. Second, many societies studied by anthropologists have been very peaceful, suggesting that a tendency to warfare is more cultural than biological. About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. A quick calculation shows that about 11 percent of the worlds population died from the Mongolian wars, while 2 percent died from World War II. There are many good social studies topics on gender that students can write about. Several years later, she was still having many health problems and could not forget what happened to her. The U.S. military does not need or want all officers to become social scientist researchers, but applied social science can nevertheless help develop strategic thinking because it: (1) focuses on human behavior and influence; (2) develops comfort with competing theories; (3) requires creativity; and (4) uses evidence and iteration to better . Poverty, discrimination, and addiction are examples of such problems. DOD: New nuclear subs will cost $347 billion to acquire, operate. 1.2 Sociological Perspectives on Social Problems, 1.3 Continuity and Change in Social Problems, 2.1 The Measurement and Extent of Poverty, 2.2 Who the Poor Are: Social Patterns of Poverty, 3.1 Racial and Ethnic Inequality: A Historical Prelude, 3.5 Dimensions of Racial and Ethnic Inequality, 3.6 Explaining Racial and Ethnic Inequality, 3.7 Reducing Racial and Ethnic Inequality, 4.4 Violence against Women: Rape and Sexual Assault, 5.2 Public Attitudes about Sexual Orientation, 5.3 Inequality Based on Sexual Orientation, 5.4 Improving the Lives of the LGBT Community, 6.3 Life Expectancy and the Graying of Society, 6.4 Biological and Psychological Aspects of Aging, 6.6 Reducing Ageism and Helping Older Americans, 7.5 Drug Policy and the War on Illegal Drugs, 7.6 Addressing the Drug Problem and Reducing Drug Use, 10.2 Sociological Perspectives on the Family, 10.3 Changes and Problems in American Families, 11.1 An Overview of Education in the United States, 11.2 Sociological Perspectives on Education, 11.3 Issues and Problems in Elementary and Secondary Education, 11.4 Issues and Problems in Higher Education, 12.2 Sociological Perspectives on Work and the Economy, 13.1 Sociological Perspectives on Health and Health Care, 13.2 Global Aspects of Health and Health Care, 13.3 Problems of Health in the United States, 13.4 Problems of Health Care in the United States, 14.2 Sociological Perspectives on Urbanization, 15.1 Sociological Perspectives on Population and the Environment, 15.4 Addressing Population Problems and Improving the Environment, 16.1 Sociological Perspectives on War and Terrorism, 16.4 Preventing War and Stopping Terrorism. Because it took place in Iraq, many more Iraqis than Americans died or were wounded, and the war certainly affected Iraqi societyits infrastructure, economy, natural resources, and so forthfar more than it affected American society. There is the natural fear that loved ones will never return from their overseas involvement in armed conflict. Among those severely. Dont blame the caveman. Sometimes, as with the US entrance into World War II after Pearl Harbor, these decisions are sincere and based on a perceived necessity to defend a nations people and resources, and sometimes these decisions are based on cynicism and deceit (Solomon, 2006). The minimum estimate almost matches the number of American deaths in all the other wars the United States has fought, and the maximum estimate greatly exceeds this number (see Table 16.2 US Participation in Major Wars). Nuclear weapons overview. Partial justice: Women, prisons, and social control. Martinez, L., & Bingham, A. Federation of American Scientists. the families are worried about their loved ones Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions Western Governors University Grand Canyon University While industries everywhere are stimulated by their surrounding events and propelled to reexamine their professional practices to improve their greater communities, the social and behavioral sciences have interacted with societal issues and plights in their bodies . Describe some of the factors that have influenced this social institution in India. Racism and Religion Discrimination. The National Guard New York National Guard CC BY 2.0. Retrieved from http://www.defense.gov/news/casualty.pdf (accessed February 16, 2012); Martinez, L. (2011, November 11). The 1964 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, in which Congress authorized President Lyndon Johnson to wage an undeclared war in Vietnam, was passed after North Vietnamese torpedo boats allegedly attacked US ships. Compared to Europe, then, the United States has chosen guns over butter, leaving far less money for its social needs. (1971). The idea is not newin the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars it was articulated, for example, by Tolstoy in the concluding chapter of War and Peace (1865-69). APA 950 words Get instant access to the full solution from by clicking the purchase button below $12.00 Added to cart Related Questions: Watch this clip from the popular TV show Adam Ruins Everything titled The Secret Reason Weed is Illegal . Where your income tax money really goes. As wars end, young veterans return to scant jobs. Russia ranked second with $5.3 billion in arms deliveries, while Germany ranked third with $2.6 billion (Grimmett, 2011). Causes of war. policy analysis role of social science was given impetus by the Progressive movement (which had roots in Wisconsin) at the turn of the century, which held that application of the scientific method to political problems could lead to more effective governmental performance. New York, NY: Vintage Books. To get a more accurate estimate of how many such crimes occur, sound social research is necessary. Although war is a social phenomenon arising from decisions of political and military officials, other phenomena can make it more likely that these officials will decide to go to war. According to this argument, war is part of our genetic heritage because the humans who survived tens of thousands of years ago were those who were most able, by virtue of their temperament and physicality, to take needed resources from other humans they attacked and to defend themselves from attackers. Answer preview to identify two social science issues related to war. Many veterans are experiencing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), marked by nightmares, panic attacks, and other symptoms (Dao, 2012). The secret way to war: The Downing Street memo and the Iraq Wars buried history. His wife April had to quit her teaching job to take care of him, and their life savings slowly dwindled. Amherst, MA: Political Economy Research Institutes. Some relevant global social problems include income inequality (poverty), corruption, the rise in authoritarianism (erosion of democratic values), criminality, unsustainable development, and bullying in schools. ABC News. Women veterans face a special problem that most male veterans do not have to fear. Wars occur both between nations and within nations, when two or more factions engage in armed conflict. Baker, L. (2012, February 18). Some eighty years later, the involvement of African Americans in the US armed forces during World War II helped begin the racial desegregation of the military. The Nation. Collier, E. C. (1993). Slate. Although the causes of World War II are complex, Hitlers effort to conquer much of Europe stemmed at least partly from his belief that Aryans (Germans and other Europeans with blond hair and blue eyes) were a superior species and non-Aryans were an inferior species (Bess, 2008). Fisman, R., & Miguel, E. (2010). Experts disagree over this issue. First, it excludes several military-related costs such as veterans benefits and interest on the national debt from past military spending. 14 Week 1 Question 6 Identify two social science issues related to war; 15 16.4 Issues and Problems in Education - Sociology; 16 Social Problems Affecting Students & Schools - Synonym; 1 SCIENCE RELATED SOCIAL ISSUES IN THE ELEMENTARY - jstor. (2009). Gerber, S. (2012, February 7). Further, it studies six important social issues namely poverty, unemployment, illiteracy, the caste system, gendered violence and communalism by analyzing their causes and the specific measures adopted to combat them. Choices under fire: Moral dimensions of World War II. When sexual assaults and sexual harassment are added to the crimes mentioned to respondents, between 22 percent and 84 percent of women report being raped, sexually assaulted, and/or sexually harassed while serving. Other types of less obvious social changes have also resulted from various wars. Critics also argue that military spending actually produces fewer jobs than spending in other sectors (Ledbetter, 2011). Although war is a social phenomenon arising from decisions of political and military officials, other phenomena can make it more likely that these officials will decide to go to war. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service. Families of deployed troops also face many difficulties. Choose one of the five social institutions. These more basic causes of war include population change and environmental change. War can also change a nations political structure in obvious ways, as when the winning nation forces a new political system and leadership on the losing nation. The suicide rate of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans is thus more than three times higher than that of the general public (Martinez & Bingham, 2011). A related problem is suicide. What do you think is the worst problem that veterans have faced in returning from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan? Sexual assault in the US military: A review of the literature and recommendations for the future. Reid Kasprowicz A Flag for the Fallen CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. This includes social, environmental, economic and ethical issues created by the high rate of change to technology, societies, ecosystems, cultures, lifestyles and thinking that have characterized this period of world history. Worrell, M. P. (2011). Arias, O. One Iraq veteran with these problems is Tom Marcum, who came home with a brain injury, PTSD, and fits of violence and short-term memory loss. A central part of US military strategy in Vietnam involved destroying rice fields and the rest of the countryside to make it difficult for the Vietcong forces to engage in guerrilla warfare. National Priorities Project. This type of research accelerated, however, after several scandals involving sexual assault and harassment occurred during the 1990s on military bases and at military academies. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction. Also, war between socialist states was not unthinkable, as the doctrine indicated: only the colossal preponderance of Soviet forces prevented a full-scale war in 1956 against Hungary and in 1968 against Czechoslovakia; war between the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China was a serious possibility for two decades after the Sino-Soviet Jobs, hobbies, friends, even parental obligations to young children fall by the wayside. July 5, 2016. That problem is rape, as at least one-fifth and perhaps as many as 84 percent of all military service are raped or sexually assaulted (including sexual harassment) by other military personnel (Turchik & Wilson, 2010). appeared first on Yourhomeworksolutions. In terms of the risk of dying in war, then, the Mongolian wars were five times more deadly than World War II. Harrison, T. (2012). Rape, sexual assault, and sexual harassment in the military: The quick facts. Each submarine is projected to cost more than $8 billion to build and another $21 billion in constant dollars in operation and maintenance costs over its lifetime (Castelli, 2012). Below is a list of interesting social studies research topics that students can use for their papers. (2011). Bumiller, E. (2010, July 25). New York, NY: New York Review of Books. Table 16.2 US Participation in Major Wars. This collection was written over a span of forty-four years and is presented in the belief that sociology is a science. The Nation. Bacevich, A. Trade-offs. War has significant impacts, but perhaps most of all on civilians and veterans. Wheeler, W. T. (2009). Quality and affordable writing services. Natural Science and Social Problems 117 government does not want it. Advertisement capkay1505 Washington, DC: Center for International Policy. Social studies represent integrated and systematic study of several areas of social science/ humanities, among which economics, civics, history, geography, culture, sociology, political science, archaeology, law, philosophy, religion, etc. (2012, February 8). Einhorn, C. (2011, September 28). When these problems occur, they may ironically worsen the psychological state of these veterans. War is a keystone problem, the eradication of which would make our other social problems much more tractable. Our specialists will write a custom essay on any topic for $13.00 $10.40/page. Retrieved from http://fcnl.org/assets/flyer/taxchart11.pdf. ), The Routledge handbook of security studies (pp. Halperin, S. (2004). Scholar John Tirman worries that Americans have generally ignored the civilian victims of US wars.

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